This is almost the first appearance of the forecastle and aftcastle that occur in every large sailing vessel after this period. The very earliest pictures of these structures show light wooden towers sitting on the deck of the ship at the bow and stern. For merchant vessels drafted into a Navy or convoy, they could be quickly rigged and removed.
These towers allowed good offensive and defensive positions with clear views high over the open decks of other vessels. Access was by ladder, which could presumably be drawn up while in action. In an attempt to strengthen the towers, and coincidentally improve on the sea-worthiness of the hull in heavy seas, the model shows that they have become permanent structures, and rest solidly on the ends of the hull.
Over the next century they became fully incorporated into the hull itself, through being 'built-in' during construction to create the familiar outline of later sailing ships, with a raised "poop" and "foc'sle".
It has a steerboardAppropriately enough, this hangs from the starboard side of the ship. In terms of design, this method of steering (using a vertical board connected to a horizontal tiller) had been in existance for hundreds of years, but its use was almost at an end. Large vessels like these, which needed a deep steerboard for effective control, could easily damage them when entering harbours; and they were also limited to drawing up to quays only against their port side.
Newer vessels, like the cogges of northern mainland Europe, had steeper, straighter aft profiles made by adding near-vertical timbers to the end of the keel. This development allowed the first stern-hung rudders to appear, pivotting on stout pintles and controlled by a tiller - mechanically a far better and more efficient arrangement.